Thuja occidentalis

Sorts of thujas

The description: contains 5 species growing in the North America and East Asia.

Monoecious, evergreen trees or bushes with the dense crone formed by bines branched out in one plane; with dense, pressed to bines, opposite, crosswise laying, squamous needles. It breeds with seeds and clonal. Seeds ripen in autumn in a year of flowering. At spring crops seeds within a month stratify or presoak within 12 hours per water, or hold in damp sand, until turning up. Garden forms of thuja make multiple copies only with clonal and green shanks as the becoming of the garden forms is very insignificant by seed reproduction. Green shanks are taken with a heel from the young, well developed plants.

Thujas call off replanting, especially spring, well. They are fine cut and often used for creation of architectural forms. High gas-resistance allows to use them in gardening of cities and industrial targets. It is applied in group and single plantings in green building, at creation avenues, live walls and fences. Thujas are sharply allocated with density of branching and dense leafiness among trees of our flora and often are perceived as the plants alien to it. The overload of landscape with thujas gives it a gloomy shade. More often in landscape gardening building 2 kinds of thuja are used. In conditions of the Average strip of Russia and further to the north only the Thuja western (Th occidentalis L.) is withstanding in culture.

In warmer areas grown up are:

Thuja Korean - Тhuia koraiensis.

Korea.

Wide bush; boughs are more often humifuse and rising. It is a very rare tree, with height to 9 m, the form is leaky; the bark is thin, red-brown, peels with small squames; branches arecompressed. Leaves on the main branches are triangular and oviform, extended, on strong applanated branches rhombic-triangular, a bit green with a distinct aperture above, white below. Cones are egg-shapedelliptic, 8-10 mm in length, brown, with 4 steams conal scales, winged seeds, 4 mm in length. A beautiful winter-hardy tree.

Thuja east - Thuja orientalis = Platycladus orientalis = Biota orientalis

The native land - China, Japan, Manchuria, Korea.

Coniferous evergreen tree with the height to 15 m with wide conical crone. Needles russet in winter. The adult tree is easy for distinguishing from a thuja western with fruits - thuja's western megastrobyl is small cones in some squames, the seed is concluded in a dry "winged" cover, thuja's east megastrobyl is fleshy green with characteristic jaculator, at maturing it russets and reveals, the seed reminds wheaten grain on the size.

«Aurea». Lower, but reaches several metres, growth is very slowed, the form is wide-rounded; boughs are rigid, fanlike, flavovirent, in young growth golden-yellow. it is afraid of colds till 1878; contains under a roof.

«Аurea nana». The dwarfish form, very low, to 50 sm in height; branches gentle and thin. Needles are very small, in spring - golden-yellow, in winter - dark brown. It has come to sale from Turbat in 1939.

«Вlue cone». Form - Topshaped, straight, branches flat, vertical, clearly bluish-green. The USA, nursery of Monrovia.

«Соnspicre». Form - wide-topshaped, compressed; boughs are short, dense, light green, the ends of bines are yellow. (= Вiota orientalis conspicua). Till 1930, mainly in the North America in nurseries; it is little-known in Europe.

«Еlegantissima». Form - wide-topshaped, height to 5m; boughs are straight; branches are feather-liked. Leaves are golden-yellow in spring, with the years chartreuse, in winter - the brownish.

«Маgnifica». Form - narrow-topshaped, height 2 - 3 m, very dense and in regular intervals branchy as at «Еlegantissima», but young bines remain yellow longer, later become yellow-green, in winter – brown. Origin is unknown.

«Меldensis». Form - column-like directed upwards (it is multiplied with leafstalks); branches are fanlike, but leaves are needle, crosswise-opposite, sharp and rigid, partially pass in scaly, bluish-green (as junipers), in winter it is more violet, fructifying. It is deduced from seeds in 1852 by A.Koshua, France. Seedlings give Т оrientalis again.

«Руramidalis aurea». Form is fast-growing, at young age - narrow-topshaped; the old plant at the basis is wide enough, makes almost '/з heights, very much close-branchy; young bines were golden-yellow for a long time , later become chartreuse, in winter it is not brown. From Italy, about 1960, in Germany in culture (Hinrich Cordes).

«Rodegalis compacta». The young form similar to cades, but more gentle and weak, heather-liked, friable; annual bines 3 - 9 cm in length (bines are so thin, that it is possible to keep them only one delay wrapped up around); young growth is golden-green, later it gradually becomes light-bluish-green, in winter purple-blue. It appeared in 1932 in Sheno, Orlean; it requires winter protection. Very beautiful kind.

«Semperaurescens». The dwarfish form which has been rounded off, dense; boughs and branches are dense, direct. Leaves on the ends of bines are constantly golden-yellow, other yellow-green. It had been appeared till 1891 at Lemuan in Nancy, France. It is often met.

«Sieboldii». The dwarfish form, wide-rounded, it is dense arborize from the earth; branches are beautiful, gentle, light green. Needles will defend from a branch (= Т orientalis nana; Т orientalis соmpacta). The cultural form is from Japan, 1847.

«Stricta». The dwarfish form; branches threadlike, are directed upwards (do not hang!) also are collected in bunches, forming the rounded off form. Leaves in pairs-opposite, with the free ends and the lowered basis, green, in the winter the brown. Till 1909.

«Westmont». The form wide-oviform with rounded off apex, slow grower, in 10 years reaches 70 sm of height and 50 sm of width; branches are partially vertical, partially twisted, dark green with the golden-yellow ends, remain the same till the autumn. J.S.Plant. A stalemate. № 2685; nursery Monrovia, California, the USA.

Thuja folded, or huge - Th. plicata Lamb. = Т gigantea, Т lobbii

In nature it grows at Pacific coast of the North America.

Powerful tree, to 60 m in height, with the dense, pyramidal crone formed by short, horizontal branches a bit hanging down on the ends. Branches are located distichous and are in one plane with bine bearing them. Their top party is brilliant-green, bottom - with whitish strips. The needles are crosswisely located, it is oviform on the main branches, pointed, with pieces of iron; on lateral branches - short, dulled and without pieces of iron. Needles are fragrant at grinding. Cones coriaceous.

«Аtrovirens». The form, as at a kind, but leaves are especially dark green (= Т gigantea atrovirens). It is winter-hardy.

«Аurescens». The form is same, as at a kind, fast-growing, but the ends of young bines green-yellow.

«Сuprea».The form is dwarfish topshaped, dense and slow grower, to 1 m in height; branches short and very dense with the hanging down ends. Leaves are located only on the bent parts of branches, in regular intervals copper- or bronze-yellow, in summer - more green. It has arrived for sale Rogers and the son till 1937.

«Dura». The form is thin, Topshaped, slow grower; branches are dense, rising, the ends are slightly brown; branches of 8-10 sm in length, dark green. Needles are smaller, than at specy.. It was received in 1907 from the seeds Т рlicata; after severe winter only the parent plant of this form has survived from 2000 seedlings. It has come for sale from Fa. Timm and Co., Elnshorn, 1948.

«Еuchlora». The form is narrow-topshaped; branches are powerful, but leaky; branches subramose, numerous, are directed forward, 6-8 sm in length, thin, soft, light green. It is found in a private garden in the Top Batavia at height of 1200 m above sea-level. As the winter-hardy form it breeds by J. Timm and Co, Elnshorn, since 1941, but it has not come for sale till now.

«Ехсеlsа». The form loose column-like, sometimes high; boughs will almost horizontally defend from a trunk, the ends of bines are slightly raised, branches are friable and arborize at the basis, branches of 8-10 sm length. Needles are firm, larger, than at a kind, thickish, shining, dark green. In 1926 it wais found on one Berlin cemetery and was multiplied by J. Timm and Co, Elnshorn; for sale since 1941.

«Grееn Survival». The form is wide-topshaped, straight, powerful. The needles are light green, saved in winter. It has appeared as anonymous seedling in nursery Darthejzer Leersum; it has come for sale from France in 1971.

«Нillieri». It is dwarfish, frutescent form, non-uniform and very dense, branches are very short, thick, rigid; branches – the same. Needles are leaky pressed to each other, small, bluish-green, in winter - bronze-brown. It had appeared till 1920 at Helyer, Winchester, England. Very original, effective form.

«Rogersii». The dwarfish form, Topshaped, thin, dense, height to 1 m, it has numerous branches, slow, on the ends of bines are the shortest. Needles are very small, golden-yellow. It has appeared in 1929 at Rogers and the son.

«Stoneham gold». The dwarfish form, appearance is more massive, than «Rogersii», it reaches in due course 2 m of height; a stocky and direct bush, branches are wide, applanate, the ends of bines exert on 2,5 sm, beautiful, golden-yellow or later bronze-yellow. It has appeared in 1948 at Rogers and the son.

«Zebrina». The form is wide-topshaped fast-growing, height 12-15 m; branches are distant from each other, the ends of old plants slightly drooping. Leaves are striped, yellowish, with white strips (= Т plicata aureo varie-gata; Т gigantea aureo variegata). It is often met in culture.

All forms of a thuja folded are very decorative. The typical form is good for making dense groups, avenues, dwarfish - for stony sites, sweeping - for single plantings on a lawn and near the water. Forms with colouring needles - for creation of contrast compositions. It is successfully combined with a pseudohemlock, a yellow pine, a cypress, a hemlock, a fir.

Thuja of Stendish, or Japanese - Th. standishii (Gordon) Carriere = Т jароniса

There is in Japan (island Hondo). It grows in mountains, in the mixed woods at height of 1000-1800 m above sea level.

Green tree in height to 18 m; the bark is reddish-brown, thin, peeled thin paper-liked strips; a crone is wide-topshaped; boughs are non-uniformly standing, it is horizontal distant from a trunk or slightly raised; branches are thickish, compressed, over is green, below with triangular whitish stains. Needles smell unpleasantly, as fur-tree pitch. Median leaves are blunt, lateral - with the short bent inside end. Cones are oviform, light brown, with 8-10 squames; seeds are small, thin-cheeks, the edge is not designated on the end.